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Network segmentation is a method used to divide a computer network into smaller, isolated segments. This approach can enhance security and performance in several ways.

By separating different segments of a network, sensitive data can be confined to specific areas, thereby limiting access to authorized users only. This means that even if one part of the network is compromised, the attacker does not have access to the entire system, significantly reducing the risk of data breaches.

In terms of performance, segmentation can help manage network traffic more efficiently. By isolating segments, the amount of traffic that any one part of the network has to handle is reduced, leading to faster response times and decreased congestion. This also facilitates easier management of bandwidth and improves overall network function.

While increased network speed, streamlined user access, and reduced hardware costs can be secondary benefits of effective network design, they aren’t the primary goals or guaranteed outcomes of network segmentation. The main focuses are indeed on enhancing security by limiting the reach of potential threats and improving performance by reducing congestion and isolating critical resources.