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Assessing software security primarily involves evaluating for vulnerabilities. This process entails analyzing the software to identify potential weaknesses that could be exploited by malicious actors. Vulnerability assessments are a critical aspect of cybersecurity, as they help organizations understand their security posture and prioritize remediation efforts based on the severity and impact of identified vulnerabilities.

This method can include a variety of activities such as code reviews, penetration testing, and the use of automated tools designed to detect security flaws within the software. It aims to uncover areas where security measures might be lacking or where existing protections can be improved.

Other options, while they may be part of an overall security strategy, do not directly assess software security in the same manner. Conducting user surveys could gather subjective data regarding user perceptions of security but doesn't directly evaluate the software itself. Updating software regularly is essential for maintaining security, as updates often patch known vulnerabilities; however, it's more of a maintenance activity than an assessment technique. Increasing employee access levels can create security risks by exposing sensitive information to more individuals, which would not be beneficial for evaluating or improving software security.